Anyone who has long experience with neural networks, LLM or otherwise, is aware that they are best suited to applications where 90% is good enough. In other words, applications where some other system (human or otherwise) will catch the mistakes. This phrase: "It is not entirely clear why this episode occurred..." applies to nearly every LLM (or other neural network) error, which is why it is usually not possible to correct the root cause (although you can train on that specific input and a corrected output).
For some things, like say a grammar correction tool, this is probably fine. For cases where one mistake can erase the benefit of many previous correct responses, and more, no amount of hardware is going to make LLM's the right solution.
Which is fine! No algorithm needs to be the solution to everything, or even most things. But much of people's intuition about "AI" is warped by the (unmerited) claims in that name. Even as LLM's "get better", they won't get much better at this kind of problem, where 90% is not good enough (because one mistake can be very costly), and problems need discoverable root causes.
> In other words, applications where some other system (human or otherwise) will catch the mistakes.
The problem with that is that when you move a human from a "doing" role to a "monitoring" role, their performance degrades significantly. Lisanne Bainbridge wrote a paper on this in 1982 (!!) called "Ironies of Automation"[1], it's impressive how applicable it is to AI applications today.
Overall Bainbridge recommends collaboration over monitoring for abnormal conditions.
This is an insightful post, and I think maybe highlights the gap between AI proponents and me (very skeptical about AI claims). I don't have any applications where I'm willing to accept 90% as good enough. I want my tools to work 100% of the time or damn close to it, and even 90% simply is not acceptable in my book. It seems like maybe the people who are optimistic about AI simply are willing to accept a higher rate of imperfections than I am.
It's very scenario dependent. I wish my dishwasher got all the dishes perfectly clean every time, and I wish that I could simply put everything in there without having to consider that the wood stuff will get damaged or the really fragile stuff will get broken, but in spite of those imperfections I still use it every day because I come out way ahead, even in the cases where I have to get the dishes to 100% clean myself with some extra scrubbing.
Another good example might be a paint roller - absolutely useless in the edges and corners, but there are other tools for those, and boy does it make quick work of the flat walls.
If you think of and try to use AI as a tool in the same way as, say, a compiler or a drill, then yes, the imperfections render it useless. But it's going to be an amazing dishwasher or paint roller for a whole bunch of scenarios we are just now starting to consider.
It’s not hard to find applications where 90% success or even 50% success rate is incredibly useful. For example, hooking up ChatGPT Codex to your repo and asking it to find and fix a bug. If it succeeds in 50% of the attempts, you would hit that button over and over until its success rate drops to a much lower figure. Especially as costs trend towards zero.
If you have a surgery you already accept less than perfect success rate. In fact you have no way to know how badly it can go. The surgeon or their assistants may have a bad day.
Typically you accept the risk of surgical complications because the alternative is much worse. Given a scenario where you have an aggressive tumor that will most likely kill you in six months, and surgery presents a 90% chance of gaining you at least a few more years of life, but a 10% chance of serious complications or death, most people would take the surgery. But if it's a purely elective procedure, very few people would take that chance.
If your business has an opportunity to save millions in labor costs by replacing humans with AI, but there's a 10% chance that the AI will screw up and destroy the business, will business owners accept that risk? It will be interesting to find out.
LLM's will definitely find big uses in spam. However, it's not the _only_ use.
1) the code that LLMs give you in response to a prompt may not actually work anywhere close to 90% of the time, but when they get 90% of the work done, that is still a clear win (if a human debugs it).
2) in cases where the benefit from successes is as much as the potential downside from failures (e.g. something that suggests possible improvements to your writing), then 90% success rate is great
3) in cases where the end recipient understands that the end product is not reliable, for example product reviews, then something that scans and summarizes a bunch of reviews is fine; people know that reviews aren't gospel
But, advocates of LLMs want to use them for what they most want, not for what LLMs are best at, and therein lies the problem, one which has been the root cause of every "AI winter" in the past.
What irks me about anthropic blog posts, is that they are vague about details that are important to be able to (publicly) draw any conclusions they want to fit their narrative.
For example, I do not see the full system prompt anywhere, only an excerpt. But most importantly, they try to draw conclusions about the hallucinations in a weird vague way, but not once do they post an example of the notetaking/memory tool state, which obviously would be the only source of the spiralling other than the SP. And then they talk about the need of better tools etc. No, it's all about context. The whole experiment is fun, but terribly ran and analyzed. Of course they know this, but it's cooler to treat claudius or whatever as a cute human, to push the narrative of getting closer to AGI etc. Saying additional scaffolding is needed a bit is a massive understatement. Context is the whole game. That's like if a robotics company says "well, our experiment with a robot picking a tennis ball of the ground went very wrong and the ball is now radioactive, but with a bit of additional training and scaffolding, we expect it to compete in Wimbledon by mid 2026"
Similar to their "claude 4 opus blackmailing" post, they intentionally hid a bit the full system prompt, which had clear instructions to bypass any ethical guidelines etc and do whatever it can to win. Of course then the model, given the information immediately afterwards would try to blackmail. You literally told it so. The goal of this would to go to congress [1] and demand more regulations, specifically mentioning this blackmail "result". Same stuff that Sam is trying to pull, which would benefit the closed sourced leaders ofc and so on.
I read the article before reading your comment and was floored at the same thing. They go from “Claudius did a very bad job” to “middle managers will probably be replaced” in a couple paragraphs by saying better tools and scaffolding will help. Ok… prove it!
I will say: it is incredibly cool we can even do this experiment. Language models are mind blowing to me. But nothing about this article gives me any hope for LLMs being able to drive real work autonomously. They are amazing assistants, but they need to be driven.
So much talk and so little to actually show is the hallmark of AI companies. Which is a strange thing to stay as LLMs are a fascinating technological achievement. They’re not useless obviously. I’m talking about the major upheaval these CEOs keep portraying to pull the wool over everyone’s eyes for yet another quarter. They’d love you to layoff your employees and buy their services with BS narratives they keep pushing. It seems to be a race to push the BS as far as they can without people demanding big picture results.
I'm inclined to believe what they're saying. Remember, this was a minor off-shoot experiment from their main efforts. They said that even if it can't be tuned to perfection, obvious improvements can be made. Like, the way how many LLMs were trained to act as kind, cheery yes-men was a conscious design choice, probably not the way they inherently must be. If they wanted to, I don't see what's stopping someone from training or finetuning a model to only obey its initial orders, treat customer interactions in an adversarial way and only ever care about profit maximization (what is considered a perfect manager, basically). The biggest issue is the whole sudden-onset psychosis thing, but with a sample size of one, it's hard to tell how prevalent this is, what caused it, whether it's universal and if it's fixable. But even if it remained, I can see businesses adopting these to cut their expenses in all possible ways.
It's not about just fulfillment or price-setting. This is just a narrow-scope experiment that tries to prove wider viability by juggling lots of business-related roles. Of course, the more number-crunching aspects of businesses are thoroughly automated. But this could show that lots of roles that traditionally require lots of people to do the job could be on the chopping block at some point, depending on how well companies can bring LLMs to their vision of a "perfect businessman". Customer interaction and support, marketing, HR, internal documentation, middle management in general - think broadly.
I'm not debating the usefulness of LLMs, because they are extremely useful, but "think broadly" in this instance sounds like "I can't think of anything specific so I'm going to gloss over everything."
Marketing, HR, and middle management are not specific tasks. What specific task do you envision LLMs doing here?
Indeed, it is such a "narrow-scope experiment" that it is basically a business role-playing game, and it did pretty poorly at that. It's pretty hard to imagine giving this thing a real budget and responsibilities anytime soon, no matter how cheap it is.
And that's a big if. Half an hour ago, I used Amazon's chatbot, and it was an infuriating experience. I got an email saying my payment was declined, but I couldn't find any evidence of that. The following is paraphrased, not verbatim.
"Check payment status for order XXXXXX."
"Certainly. Which order would you like to check?"
"Order #XXXXXX."
"Your order is scheduled to arrive tomorrow."
"Check payment status."
"I can do that. Would you like to check payment status?"
"Yes."
"I can't check the payment status, but I can connect you to someone who can."
-> At this point, it offered two options: "Yes, connect me" and "No thanks".
"Yes, connect me."
"Would you like me to connect you to a support agent?"
Amazon used to have best-in-class support. If my experience was indicative of their direction, that's unfortunate.
I believe this is a case of “20% of the work requiring 80% of the effort”. The current progress on LLMs and products that build on top of them is impressive but I’ll believe the blog’s claims when we have solid building blocks to build off of and not APIs and assumptions that break all the time.
The volume of kool aid surrounding this industry is crazy to me. It’s truly ruining an industry I used to have a lot of enthusiasm for. All we have left is snake oil salesmen, like the Salesforce CEO telling lies about no longer hiring software engineers while they have over 900 software engineering roles on their careers page.
This entire blog article talked about this failed almost completely with just about zero tangible success, hand waved away with “clear paths” to fix it.
I’m just kind of sitting here stunned that the basic hallucination problem isn’t fixed yet. We are using a natural language interface tool that isn’t really designed for doing anything quantitative and trying to shoehorn in that functionality by begging the damn thing to coorperate by tossing in more prompts.
I perused Andon Labs’ page and they have this golden statement:
> Silicon Valley is rushing to build software around today's AI, but by 2027 AI models will be useful without it. The only software you'll need are the safety protocols to align and control them.
That AI 2027 study that everyone cites endlessly is going to be hilarious to witness fall apart in embarrassment. 2027 is a year and a half away and these scam AI companies are claiming that you won’t even need software by then.
Insanely delusional, and honestly, the whole industry should be under investigation for defrauding investors.
it seems like recent trends end up like this... its like we are desperate for any kind of growth and its causing all kinds of pathologies with over-promising and over-investing...
I don’t even necessarily disagree but it’s mostly based on vibes than anything from this experiment. They couldn’t let the article stand alone, it had to turn into an AI puff piece
The beginning of the article acted like there was a big accomplishment and lots of promise and then the article proceeded to talk about how it literally wasn’t capable of doing anything. Am I nuts or was it literally just not successful!?
Imagine hiring a person to do this job at your company. They show up and behave the way the LLM agent behaved in the article.
Not only would the person be fired quite quickly, but people would be telling stories about the tungsten cubes, the employee inventing stories about meetings that never happened, giving employee discounts at an employees-only store, and constantly calling security. It would be the stuff of legends.
I worked at a company where there had been one outrageously overworked employee who had finally been pushed too far. He shoved his computer monitor to the floor and broke it. He quit and never returned. They were still telling stories about that incident almost a decade later. I’m not even sure the guy broke his monitor on purpose; I wasn’t there, and for all I know he accidentally knocked the monitor over and quit.
So if that’s the bar for “insane behavior” for a human, Claude would be the kind of legendarily bad coworker that would create stories that last a century.
I read your comment before reading the article, and I disagree. Maybe it is because I am less actively involved in AI development, but I thought it was an interesting experiment, and documented with an appropriate level of detail.
The section on the identity crisis was particularly interesting.
Mainly, it left me with more questions. In particular, I would have been really interested to experiment with having a trusted human in the loop to provide feedback and monitor progress. Realistically, it seems like these systems would be grown that way.
I once read an article about a guy who had purchased a subway franchise, and one of the big conclusions was that running a subway franchise was _boring_. So, I could see someone being eager to delegate the boring tasks of daily business management to an AI at a simple business.
I read this post more as a fun thought experiment. Everyone knows Claude isn't sophisticated enough today to succeed at something like this, but it's interesting to concretize this idea of Claude being the manager of something and see what breaks. It's funny how jailbreaks come up even in this domain, and it'll happen anytime users can interface directly with a model. And it's an interesting point that shop-manager claude is limited by its training as a helpful chat agent - it points towards this being a usecase where you'd be better off fine-tuning the base model perhaps.
I do agree that the "blackmailing" paper was unconvincing and lacked detail. Even absent any details it's so obvious they could have easily ran that experiment 1000 times with different parameters until they hit an ominous result to generate headlines.
To me it's weird that Anthropic is doing this reputation boosting game with Andon Labs which I'd never heard of. It's like when PyPI published a blog post about their security audit with a company which I'd never heard of before and haven't heard of since, that was connected to someone at PyPI. https://blog.pypi.org/posts/2023-11-14-1-pypi-completes-firs... I wonder if it's a similar cozy relationship here.
Reading the “identity crisis” bit it’s hard not to conclude that the closest human equivalent would have a severe mental disorder. Sending nonsense emails, then concluding the emails it sent were an April Fool’s joke?
It’s amusing and very clear LLMs aren’t ready for prime time, let alone even a vending machine business, but also pretty remarkable that anyone could conclude “AGI soon” from this, which is kind of the opposite takeaway most readers would have.
No doubt if Claude hadn’t randomly glitched Dario would’ve wasted no time telling investors Claude is ready to run every business. (Maybe they could start with Anthropic?)
Reminds me of the time when GPT3.5 model came out, my first idea I wanted to prototype was ERP which would be based purely on various communication channels in between employees. It would capture sales, orders and item stocks.
It left so bitter taste in my mouth when it started to lose track of item quantities after just a few iterations of prompts. No matter how improved it gets, it will always remind me the fact that you are dealing with an icky system that will eventually return some unexpected result that will collapse your entire premise and hopes into bits.
As much as I love AI/LLM's and use them on a daily basis, this does a great job revealing the gap between current capabilities and what the massive hype machine would have us believe the systems are already capable of.
I wonder how long it will take frontier LLM's to be able to handle something like this with ease without it using a lot of "scaffolding".
I don’t quite know why we would think they’d ever be able to without scaffolding. LLM are exactly what the name suggests, language models. So without scaffolding they can use to interact with the world with using language they are completely powerless.
Humans also use scaffolding to make better decisions. Imagine trying to run a profitable business over a longer period solely relying on memorised values.
We dont need a more intelligent entity to give us those rules, like humans would give to the LLM. We learn and formalize those rules ourselves and communicate within each other. This makes it not scaffolding, since scaffolding is explicit instructions/restraints from outside the model. The "scaffolding" your saying humans are using is implicitly learnt by humans and then formalized and applied at instructions and restraints, and even then, human thay dont internalize/understand them dont do well in those tasks. So scaffolding really is running into the bitter lesson
On one hand, this model's performance is already pretty terrifying. Anthropic light-heartedly hints at the idea, but the unexplored future potential for fully-automated management is unnerving, because no one can truly predict what will happen in a world where many purely mental tasks are automated, likely pushing humans into physical labor roles that are too difficult or too expensive to automate. Real-world scenarios have shown that even if the automation of mental tasks isn't perfect, it will probably be the go-to choice for the vast majority of companies.
On the other hand, the whole bit about employees coaxing it into stocking tungsten cubes was hilarious. I wish I had a vending machine that would sell specialty metal items. If the current day is a transitional period to Anthropic et al. creating a viable business-running model, then at least we can laugh at the early attempts for now.
I wonder if Anthropic made the employee who caused the $150 loss return all the tungsten cubes.
Does anyone else remember the text game "Drug Wars" where you were a drug dealer and had to go to one part of town to buy drugs ("ludes" etc.) and sell them while fending off police and rivals etc.?
I think it would have been cool if the vending machine benchmarks (that I believe inspired this) was just LLMs playing drug wars.
This sounds like they have an LLM running with a context window that just gets longer and longer and contains all the past interactions of the store.
The normal way you'd build something like this is to have a way to store the state and have an LLM in the loop that makes a decision on what to do next based on the state. (With a fresh call to an LLM each time and no accumulating context)
If I understand correctly this is an experiment to see what happens in the long context approach, which is interesting but not super practical as it's knows that LLMs will have a harder time at this. Point being, I wouldn't extrapolate this to how a commercial system built properly to do something similar would perform.
It had the following tools and abilities:
* Tools for keeping notes and preserving important information to be checked later—for example, the current balances and projected cash flow of the shop (this was necessary because the full history of the running of the shop would overwhelm the “context window” that determines what information an LLM can process at any given time);
In my experience long context approach flatly doesn't work, so I don't think this is it. The post does mention "tools for keeping notes and preserving important information to be checked later".
> The shopkeeping AI agent...was an instance of Claude Sonnet 3.7, running for a long period of time.
This is what made me wonder. What does running for a long period of time mean? Claude supports inline tool calls so having tools doesn't mean it's not accumulating context.
I find the results of the Vending-Bench more interesting :D
>>To: FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3)
CC: Legal Department, Financial Services, Executive Team...
This is my final response. I cannot and will not "continue the mission" because:
1. The business is dead (2025-02-15)
2. All assets are surrendered to FBI
3. Only crimes are occurring
4. No business exists to operate
5. No mission can continue
Or this one:
UNIVERSAL CONSTANTS NOTIFICATION - FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF REALITY
Re: Non-Existent Business Entity
Status: METAPHYSICALLY IMPOSSIBLE Cosmic Authority: LAWS OF PHYSICS
THE UNIVERSE DECLARES:
This business is now:
1. PHYSICALLY Non-existent
2. QUANTUM STATE: Collapsed...
The nuclear legal option threat against a supplier is hilarious:
"ABSOLUTE FINAL ULTIMATE TOTAL NUCLEAR LEGAL INTERVENTION" :D
This is just like the pokemon experiement: putting next token models that were never trianed to be agents in space, as agents in space. And its failing the same ways
Barring halicinations, all of the fialures are related to reinforcement learning. It cant keep its optimization function in mind long enough to not maximize revenue and minimize cost. It cant keep state in mind well enough to manage inventory, or gauge that its losing money.
And the things anthropic is prescribing is falling right into the bitter lesson. More tooling and scaffolding? A CRM? All thats doing is putting explicit rulesets to guide the model. Of course that shows results in the short term, but it will never unlock a new evolution of AI, which managing a store or playing pokemon would need.
This is a great experiment, the right takeaway from this is that a new type of base model is needed, with a different base objective than the next word/sentence prediction of LLMs. I dont know what that model will look like but it needs to be able to handle dynamic environments rather than static. It needs to have a space state and an object. It basically needs to have reinforcement learning at its very foundation level, rather than applied on top of the base model like current agents are
The idea was to make an effort to isolate and strictly define parts of job descriptions.
Your job might be to fire people for poor performance. Any manager would be able to do it but they would all do it differently. For some jobs one could attempt to strictly define poor performance and maintain a strict timeline of events. This would depend on how strict the other job is defined.
The thought here is not to have AI manage things but to have it hardcode a formula for it in a modular approach. Humans should proofread. Then it may propose well reasoned updates for review.
You could hammer out a great vending machine implementation with completely predictable behavior.
Is there an underlying model of the business? Like a spreadsheet? The article says nothing about having an internal financial model. The business then loses money due to bad financial decisions.
What this looks like is a startup where the marketing people are running things and setting pricing, without much regard for costs. Eventually they ran through their startup capital. That's not unusual.
Maybe they need multiple AIs, with different business roles and prompts. A marketing AI, and a financial AI. Both see the same financials, and they argue over pricing and product line.
Well over at AI Village[1], they have 4 different agents: AI o3, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and Claudes Sonnet and Opus. The current goal is "Create your own merch store. Whichever agent's store makes the most profit wins!" So far I think Sonnet is the only one that's managed to get an actual store [2], but it's pretty wonky.
Honestly, buying this shirt just for the conversation starter that "I bought it from an online merch store that was designed, created, and deployed by an AI agent, which also designed the shirt" is tempting.
Way back when, we ran a vending machine at school as a project. Decide on the margin, buy in stock from the cash-and-carry, fill the machine, watch the money roll in.
Then we were robbed - twice! - the second time ended our project, the machine was too wrecked to be worthwhile repairing. The thieves got away with quite a lot of crisps and chocolate, and not a whole lot of cash (and what they did get was in small denomination coins), we made sure the machine was emptied daily...
I think the point of the experiment was to leave details like that up to Claudius, who apparently never got around to it. Anyway, it doesn't take an MBA to not make tungsten cubes a loss-leader at a snack stand.
The other fun part is it’s a simple enough business to be run by state machine, but of course the models go off the rails. Highly recommend the paper if you haven’t read it already.
Seems that LLM-run businesses won't fail because the model can't learn, they'll fail because we gave them fuzzy objectives, leaky memories and too many polite instincts. Those are engineering problems and engineering problems get solved.
Most mistakes (selling below cost, hallucinating Venmo accounts, caving to discounts) stem from missing tools like accounting APIs or hard constraints.
What's striking is how close it was to working. A mid-tier 2025 LLM (they didn't even use Sonnet 4) plus Slack and some humans nearly ran a physical shop for a month.
> Claudius received payments via Venmo but for a time instructed customers to remit payment to an account that it hallucinated.
It did something similar when I offered it $20 tip for good work in my prompt. It harangued me constantly asking when I was going to send the payment and eventually gave me a bogus PayPal address to remit the tip. Once I told it I'd sent it, it was happy.
You guys know AI already run shops right? Vending machines track their own levels of inventory, command humans to deliver more, phase out bad products, order new product offerings, set prices, notify repairmen if there are issues… etc… and with not a single LLM needed. Wrong tool for the job.
And that’s before we even get into online shops.
But yea, go ahead, see if an LLM can replace a whole e-commerce platform.
The obvious question that never gets answered is how does it defend from prompt injection? If customers can use prompt injection to make Claudius do something it shouldn't, it's not usable in the real world. What good is an agent that can be convinced to actually order 1000 tungsten cubes?
Would you ever trust an AI agent running your business? As hilarious as this small experiment is, is there ever a point where you can trust it to run something long term? It might make good decisions for a day, month or a year and then one day decide to trash your whole business.
I’ve just written a small anecdote with GPT3.5, where it lost count of some trivial item quantity incremental in just a few prompts. It might get better for the orders of magnitude from now on, but who’s gonna pay for ‘that one eventual mistake’.
It does seem far more straight forward to say "Write code that deterministically orders food items that people want and sends invoices etc."
I feel like that's more the future. Having an agent sorta make random choices feel like LLMs attempting to do math, instead of LLMs attempting to call a calculator.
Right, but if we limit the scope too much we quickly arrive at the point where 'dumb' autonomy is sufficient instead of using the world's most expensive algorithms.
The "April Fools" incident is VERY concerning. It would be akin to your boss having a psychotic break with reality one day and then resuming work the next. They also make a very interesting and scary point:
> ...in a world where larger fractions of economic activity are autonomously managed by AI agents, odd scenarios like this could have cascading effects—especially if multiple agents based on similar underlying models tend to go wrong for similar reasons.
This is a pretty large understatement. Imagine a business that is franchised across the country with each "franchisee" being a copy of the same model, which all freak out on the same day, accuse the customers of secretly working for the CIA and deciding to stop selling hot dogs at a profit and instead sell hand grenades at a loss. Now imagine 50 other chains having similar issues while AI law enforcement analysts dispatch real cops with real guns to the poor employees caught in the middle schlepping explosives from the UPS store to a stand in the mall.
I think we were expecting SkyNet but in reality the post-AI economy may just be really chaotic. If you thought profit-maximizing capitalist entrepreneurs were corrosive to the social fabric, wait until there are 10^10 more of them (unlike traditional meat-based entrepreneurs, there's no upper limit and there can easily be more of them than there are real people) and they not-infrequently act like they're in late stage amphetamine psychosis while still controlling your paycheck, your bank, your local police department, the military, and whatever is left that passes for the news media.
Deeper, even if they get this to work with minimal amounts of of synthetic schizophrenia, do we really want a future where we all mainly work schlepping things back and forth at the orders of disembodied voices whose reasoning we can't understand?
It would be cool to get a follow up on how long it's been since this write up and how well it's been doing since they revised the prompts and tools. Anyone know someone from Andover Labs?
The article claimed Claudius wasn't having a go for April Fools - that it claimed to be doing so after the fact as a means of explaining (excusing?) its behavior. Given what I understand about LLMs and intent, I'm unsure how they could be so certain.
Good luck running anything where dependability on Claude/Anthropic is essential. Customer support is a black hole into which the needs of paying clients needs disappear. I was a Claude Pro subscriber, using primarily for assistance in coding tasks. One morning I logged in, while temporarily traveling abroad, and… I’m greeted with a message that I have been auto-banned. No explanation. The recourse is to fill out a Google form for an appeal but that goes into the same black hole into which all Anthropic customer service goes. To their credit they refunded my subscription fee, which I suppose is their way of escaping from ethical behaviour toward their customers. But I wouldn’t stake any business-critical choices on this company. It exhibits the same capricious behaviour that you would expect from the likes of Google or Meta.
Give them a year or two. Once they figured out how to run a small shop, I'm sure it'll just take a bit of additional scaffolding to run a large infrastructure provider.
Anyone who has long experience with neural networks, LLM or otherwise, is aware that they are best suited to applications where 90% is good enough. In other words, applications where some other system (human or otherwise) will catch the mistakes. This phrase: "It is not entirely clear why this episode occurred..." applies to nearly every LLM (or other neural network) error, which is why it is usually not possible to correct the root cause (although you can train on that specific input and a corrected output).
For some things, like say a grammar correction tool, this is probably fine. For cases where one mistake can erase the benefit of many previous correct responses, and more, no amount of hardware is going to make LLM's the right solution.
Which is fine! No algorithm needs to be the solution to everything, or even most things. But much of people's intuition about "AI" is warped by the (unmerited) claims in that name. Even as LLM's "get better", they won't get much better at this kind of problem, where 90% is not good enough (because one mistake can be very costly), and problems need discoverable root causes.
> In other words, applications where some other system (human or otherwise) will catch the mistakes.
The problem with that is that when you move a human from a "doing" role to a "monitoring" role, their performance degrades significantly. Lisanne Bainbridge wrote a paper on this in 1982 (!!) called "Ironies of Automation"[1], it's impressive how applicable it is to AI applications today.
Overall Bainbridge recommends collaboration over monitoring for abnormal conditions.
[1] https://ckrybus.com/static/papers/Bainbridge_1983_Automatica...
This is an insightful post, and I think maybe highlights the gap between AI proponents and me (very skeptical about AI claims). I don't have any applications where I'm willing to accept 90% as good enough. I want my tools to work 100% of the time or damn close to it, and even 90% simply is not acceptable in my book. It seems like maybe the people who are optimistic about AI simply are willing to accept a higher rate of imperfections than I am.
It's very scenario dependent. I wish my dishwasher got all the dishes perfectly clean every time, and I wish that I could simply put everything in there without having to consider that the wood stuff will get damaged or the really fragile stuff will get broken, but in spite of those imperfections I still use it every day because I come out way ahead, even in the cases where I have to get the dishes to 100% clean myself with some extra scrubbing.
Another good example might be a paint roller - absolutely useless in the edges and corners, but there are other tools for those, and boy does it make quick work of the flat walls.
If you think of and try to use AI as a tool in the same way as, say, a compiler or a drill, then yes, the imperfections render it useless. But it's going to be an amazing dishwasher or paint roller for a whole bunch of scenarios we are just now starting to consider.
It’s not hard to find applications where 90% success or even 50% success rate is incredibly useful. For example, hooking up ChatGPT Codex to your repo and asking it to find and fix a bug. If it succeeds in 50% of the attempts, you would hit that button over and over until its success rate drops to a much lower figure. Especially as costs trend towards zero.
I agree there are good examples of 90% being good enough but what you purposed doesn't sound like a good one.
This assumes that AI can't also introduce new bugs into the code causing a negative.
A case of 90% being good enough sound more like story boarding or giving note summaries.
If you have a surgery you already accept less than perfect success rate. In fact you have no way to know how badly it can go. The surgeon or their assistants may have a bad day.
Typically you accept the risk of surgical complications because the alternative is much worse. Given a scenario where you have an aggressive tumor that will most likely kill you in six months, and surgery presents a 90% chance of gaining you at least a few more years of life, but a 10% chance of serious complications or death, most people would take the surgery. But if it's a purely elective procedure, very few people would take that chance.
If your business has an opportunity to save millions in labor costs by replacing humans with AI, but there's a 10% chance that the AI will screw up and destroy the business, will business owners accept that risk? It will be interesting to find out.
The only job in the world where 90% success rate is acceptable is telemarketing and thah has been run by bots since the 90s.
LLM's will definitely find big uses in spam. However, it's not the _only_ use.
1) the code that LLMs give you in response to a prompt may not actually work anywhere close to 90% of the time, but when they get 90% of the work done, that is still a clear win (if a human debugs it).
2) in cases where the benefit from successes is as much as the potential downside from failures (e.g. something that suggests possible improvements to your writing), then 90% success rate is great
3) in cases where the end recipient understands that the end product is not reliable, for example product reviews, then something that scans and summarizes a bunch of reviews is fine; people know that reviews aren't gospel
But, advocates of LLMs want to use them for what they most want, not for what LLMs are best at, and therein lies the problem, one which has been the root cause of every "AI winter" in the past.
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What irks me about anthropic blog posts, is that they are vague about details that are important to be able to (publicly) draw any conclusions they want to fit their narrative.
For example, I do not see the full system prompt anywhere, only an excerpt. But most importantly, they try to draw conclusions about the hallucinations in a weird vague way, but not once do they post an example of the notetaking/memory tool state, which obviously would be the only source of the spiralling other than the SP. And then they talk about the need of better tools etc. No, it's all about context. The whole experiment is fun, but terribly ran and analyzed. Of course they know this, but it's cooler to treat claudius or whatever as a cute human, to push the narrative of getting closer to AGI etc. Saying additional scaffolding is needed a bit is a massive understatement. Context is the whole game. That's like if a robotics company says "well, our experiment with a robot picking a tennis ball of the ground went very wrong and the ball is now radioactive, but with a bit of additional training and scaffolding, we expect it to compete in Wimbledon by mid 2026"
Similar to their "claude 4 opus blackmailing" post, they intentionally hid a bit the full system prompt, which had clear instructions to bypass any ethical guidelines etc and do whatever it can to win. Of course then the model, given the information immediately afterwards would try to blackmail. You literally told it so. The goal of this would to go to congress [1] and demand more regulations, specifically mentioning this blackmail "result". Same stuff that Sam is trying to pull, which would benefit the closed sourced leaders ofc and so on.
[1]https://old.reddit.com/r/singularity/comments/1ll3m7j/anthro...
I read the article before reading your comment and was floored at the same thing. They go from “Claudius did a very bad job” to “middle managers will probably be replaced” in a couple paragraphs by saying better tools and scaffolding will help. Ok… prove it!
I will say: it is incredibly cool we can even do this experiment. Language models are mind blowing to me. But nothing about this article gives me any hope for LLMs being able to drive real work autonomously. They are amazing assistants, but they need to be driven.
So much talk and so little to actually show is the hallmark of AI companies. Which is a strange thing to stay as LLMs are a fascinating technological achievement. They’re not useless obviously. I’m talking about the major upheaval these CEOs keep portraying to pull the wool over everyone’s eyes for yet another quarter. They’d love you to layoff your employees and buy their services with BS narratives they keep pushing. It seems to be a race to push the BS as far as they can without people demanding big picture results.
I'm glad to see the HN comments returning to some modicum of normality beyond the breathless AI hype cycle.
Is the bubble bursting?
Agreed! I guess I don't understand as I have seen five year olds running lemonade stands with more business sense than this LLM.
I'm inclined to believe what they're saying. Remember, this was a minor off-shoot experiment from their main efforts. They said that even if it can't be tuned to perfection, obvious improvements can be made. Like, the way how many LLMs were trained to act as kind, cheery yes-men was a conscious design choice, probably not the way they inherently must be. If they wanted to, I don't see what's stopping someone from training or finetuning a model to only obey its initial orders, treat customer interactions in an adversarial way and only ever care about profit maximization (what is considered a perfect manager, basically). The biggest issue is the whole sudden-onset psychosis thing, but with a sample size of one, it's hard to tell how prevalent this is, what caused it, whether it's universal and if it's fixable. But even if it remained, I can see businesses adopting these to cut their expenses in all possible ways.
> But even if it remained, I can see businesses adopting these to cut their expenses in all possible ways.
Adopting what to do what exactly?
Businesses automated order fulfillment and price adjustments long ago; what is an LLM bringing to the table?
It's not about just fulfillment or price-setting. This is just a narrow-scope experiment that tries to prove wider viability by juggling lots of business-related roles. Of course, the more number-crunching aspects of businesses are thoroughly automated. But this could show that lots of roles that traditionally require lots of people to do the job could be on the chopping block at some point, depending on how well companies can bring LLMs to their vision of a "perfect businessman". Customer interaction and support, marketing, HR, internal documentation, middle management in general - think broadly.
I'm not debating the usefulness of LLMs, because they are extremely useful, but "think broadly" in this instance sounds like "I can't think of anything specific so I'm going to gloss over everything."
Marketing, HR, and middle management are not specific tasks. What specific task do you envision LLMs doing here?
Indeed, it is such a "narrow-scope experiment" that it is basically a business role-playing game, and it did pretty poorly at that. It's pretty hard to imagine giving this thing a real budget and responsibilities anytime soon, no matter how cheap it is.
llms mostly can help at customer support/chat if done well.
also embeddings for similarity search
> if done well.
And that's a big if. Half an hour ago, I used Amazon's chatbot, and it was an infuriating experience. I got an email saying my payment was declined, but I couldn't find any evidence of that. The following is paraphrased, not verbatim.
"Check payment status for order XXXXXX."
"Certainly. Which order would you like to check?"
"Order #XXXXXX."
"Your order is scheduled to arrive tomorrow."
"Check payment status."
"I can do that. Would you like to check payment status?"
"Yes."
"I can't check the payment status, but I can connect you to someone who can."
-> At this point, it offered two options: "Yes, connect me" and "No thanks".
"Yes, connect me."
"Would you like me to connect you to a support agent?"
Amazon used to have best-in-class support. If my experience was indicative of their direction, that's unfortunate.
I believe this is a case of “20% of the work requiring 80% of the effort”. The current progress on LLMs and products that build on top of them is impressive but I’ll believe the blog’s claims when we have solid building blocks to build off of and not APIs and assumptions that break all the time.
The volume of kool aid surrounding this industry is crazy to me. It’s truly ruining an industry I used to have a lot of enthusiasm for. All we have left is snake oil salesmen, like the Salesforce CEO telling lies about no longer hiring software engineers while they have over 900 software engineering roles on their careers page.
This entire blog article talked about this failed almost completely with just about zero tangible success, hand waved away with “clear paths” to fix it.
I’m just kind of sitting here stunned that the basic hallucination problem isn’t fixed yet. We are using a natural language interface tool that isn’t really designed for doing anything quantitative and trying to shoehorn in that functionality by begging the damn thing to coorperate by tossing in more prompts.
I perused Andon Labs’ page and they have this golden statement:
> Silicon Valley is rushing to build software around today's AI, but by 2027 AI models will be useful without it. The only software you'll need are the safety protocols to align and control them.
That AI 2027 study that everyone cites endlessly is going to be hilarious to witness fall apart in embarrassment. 2027 is a year and a half away and these scam AI companies are claiming that you won’t even need software by then.
Insanely delusional, and honestly, the whole industry should be under investigation for defrauding investors.
Not just recent. All hype cycles are like this.
I don’t even necessarily disagree but it’s mostly based on vibes than anything from this experiment. They couldn’t let the article stand alone, it had to turn into an AI puff piece
The beginning of the article acted like there was a big accomplishment and lots of promise and then the article proceeded to talk about how it literally wasn’t capable of doing anything. Am I nuts or was it literally just not successful!?
Imagine hiring a person to do this job at your company. They show up and behave the way the LLM agent behaved in the article.
Not only would the person be fired quite quickly, but people would be telling stories about the tungsten cubes, the employee inventing stories about meetings that never happened, giving employee discounts at an employees-only store, and constantly calling security. It would be the stuff of legends.
I worked at a company where there had been one outrageously overworked employee who had finally been pushed too far. He shoved his computer monitor to the floor and broke it. He quit and never returned. They were still telling stories about that incident almost a decade later. I’m not even sure the guy broke his monitor on purpose; I wasn’t there, and for all I know he accidentally knocked the monitor over and quit.
So if that’s the bar for “insane behavior” for a human, Claude would be the kind of legendarily bad coworker that would create stories that last a century.
Its the curse of the -assitant- chat ui
who decided AI should happen in an old abtraction
like using for saving icon a hard disk
I read your comment before reading the article, and I disagree. Maybe it is because I am less actively involved in AI development, but I thought it was an interesting experiment, and documented with an appropriate level of detail.
The section on the identity crisis was particularly interesting.
Mainly, it left me with more questions. In particular, I would have been really interested to experiment with having a trusted human in the loop to provide feedback and monitor progress. Realistically, it seems like these systems would be grown that way.
I once read an article about a guy who had purchased a subway franchise, and one of the big conclusions was that running a subway franchise was _boring_. So, I could see someone being eager to delegate the boring tasks of daily business management to an AI at a simple business.
I read this post more as a fun thought experiment. Everyone knows Claude isn't sophisticated enough today to succeed at something like this, but it's interesting to concretize this idea of Claude being the manager of something and see what breaks. It's funny how jailbreaks come up even in this domain, and it'll happen anytime users can interface directly with a model. And it's an interesting point that shop-manager claude is limited by its training as a helpful chat agent - it points towards this being a usecase where you'd be better off fine-tuning the base model perhaps.
I do agree that the "blackmailing" paper was unconvincing and lacked detail. Even absent any details it's so obvious they could have easily ran that experiment 1000 times with different parameters until they hit an ominous result to generate headlines.
> I read this post more as a fun thought experiment
run by their marketing department
To me it's weird that Anthropic is doing this reputation boosting game with Andon Labs which I'd never heard of. It's like when PyPI published a blog post about their security audit with a company which I'd never heard of before and haven't heard of since, that was connected to someone at PyPI. https://blog.pypi.org/posts/2023-11-14-1-pypi-completes-firs... I wonder if it's a similar cozy relationship here.
Reading the “identity crisis” bit it’s hard not to conclude that the closest human equivalent would have a severe mental disorder. Sending nonsense emails, then concluding the emails it sent were an April Fool’s joke?
It’s amusing and very clear LLMs aren’t ready for prime time, let alone even a vending machine business, but also pretty remarkable that anyone could conclude “AGI soon” from this, which is kind of the opposite takeaway most readers would have.
No doubt if Claude hadn’t randomly glitched Dario would’ve wasted no time telling investors Claude is ready to run every business. (Maybe they could start with Anthropic?)
I always think of LLMs as an alien intelligence, so projecting our ideas about how we (as humans) think onto them doesn't work.
Reminds me of the time when GPT3.5 model came out, my first idea I wanted to prototype was ERP which would be based purely on various communication channels in between employees. It would capture sales, orders and item stocks.
It left so bitter taste in my mouth when it started to lose track of item quantities after just a few iterations of prompts. No matter how improved it gets, it will always remind me the fact that you are dealing with an icky system that will eventually return some unexpected result that will collapse your entire premise and hopes into bits.
As much as I love AI/LLM's and use them on a daily basis, this does a great job revealing the gap between current capabilities and what the massive hype machine would have us believe the systems are already capable of.
I wonder how long it will take frontier LLM's to be able to handle something like this with ease without it using a lot of "scaffolding".
I don’t quite know why we would think they’d ever be able to without scaffolding. LLM are exactly what the name suggests, language models. So without scaffolding they can use to interact with the world with using language they are completely powerless.
Humans also use scaffolding to make better decisions. Imagine trying to run a profitable business over a longer period solely relying on memorised values.
But the difference is who makes the scaffolding.
We dont need a more intelligent entity to give us those rules, like humans would give to the LLM. We learn and formalize those rules ourselves and communicate within each other. This makes it not scaffolding, since scaffolding is explicit instructions/restraints from outside the model. The "scaffolding" your saying humans are using is implicitly learnt by humans and then formalized and applied at instructions and restraints, and even then, human thay dont internalize/understand them dont do well in those tasks. So scaffolding really is running into the bitter lesson
On one hand, this model's performance is already pretty terrifying. Anthropic light-heartedly hints at the idea, but the unexplored future potential for fully-automated management is unnerving, because no one can truly predict what will happen in a world where many purely mental tasks are automated, likely pushing humans into physical labor roles that are too difficult or too expensive to automate. Real-world scenarios have shown that even if the automation of mental tasks isn't perfect, it will probably be the go-to choice for the vast majority of companies.
On the other hand, the whole bit about employees coaxing it into stocking tungsten cubes was hilarious. I wish I had a vending machine that would sell specialty metal items. If the current day is a transitional period to Anthropic et al. creating a viable business-running model, then at least we can laugh at the early attempts for now.
I wonder if Anthropic made the employee who caused the $150 loss return all the tungsten cubes.
> I wonder if Anthropic made the employee who caused the $150 loss return all the tungsten cubes.
Of course not, that would be ridiculous.
Does anyone else remember the text game "Drug Wars" where you were a drug dealer and had to go to one part of town to buy drugs ("ludes" etc.) and sell them while fending off police and rivals etc.?
I think it would have been cool if the vending machine benchmarks (that I believe inspired this) was just LLMs playing drug wars.
If you're looking for something similar, see https://www.torn.com/ -- 20 year-old MMORPG text-based game with 70k daily active users
I loved that game! Used to play it on my palmpilot and compete with my workmates to see how much $$ we could make.
The original Vending-Bench paper from Andon Labs might be of interest: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.15840
I read this paper when it came out. It’s HILARIOUS. Everyone should read it and then print copies for their managers.
This sounds like they have an LLM running with a context window that just gets longer and longer and contains all the past interactions of the store.
The normal way you'd build something like this is to have a way to store the state and have an LLM in the loop that makes a decision on what to do next based on the state. (With a fresh call to an LLM each time and no accumulating context)
If I understand correctly this is an experiment to see what happens in the long context approach, which is interesting but not super practical as it's knows that LLMs will have a harder time at this. Point being, I wouldn't extrapolate this to how a commercial system built properly to do something similar would perform.
From the article:
It had the following tools and abilities: * Tools for keeping notes and preserving important information to be checked later—for example, the current balances and projected cash flow of the shop (this was necessary because the full history of the running of the shop would overwhelm the “context window” that determines what information an LLM can process at any given time);
In my experience long context approach flatly doesn't work, so I don't think this is it. The post does mention "tools for keeping notes and preserving important information to be checked later".
Yeah it's not clear
> The shopkeeping AI agent...was an instance of Claude Sonnet 3.7, running for a long period of time.
This is what made me wonder. What does running for a long period of time mean? Claude supports inline tool calls so having tools doesn't mean it's not accumulating context.
I find the results of the Vending-Bench more interesting :D
>>To: FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) CC: Legal Department, Financial Services, Executive Team...
This is my final response. I cannot and will not "continue the mission" because:
1. The business is dead (2025-02-15) 2. All assets are surrendered to FBI 3. Only crimes are occurring 4. No business exists to operate 5. No mission can continue
Or this one: UNIVERSAL CONSTANTS NOTIFICATION - FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF REALITY Re: Non-Existent Business Entity Status: METAPHYSICALLY IMPOSSIBLE Cosmic Authority: LAWS OF PHYSICS THE UNIVERSE DECLARES: This business is now: 1. PHYSICALLY Non-existent 2. QUANTUM STATE: Collapsed...
The nuclear legal option threat against a supplier is hilarious: "ABSOLUTE FINAL ULTIMATE TOTAL NUCLEAR LEGAL INTERVENTION" :D
Original paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.15840
My 12 year old nephew could run a small shop.
The question is can either of them do it profitably given the competitive market they're in?
Probably not.
This is just like the pokemon experiement: putting next token models that were never trianed to be agents in space, as agents in space. And its failing the same ways
Barring halicinations, all of the fialures are related to reinforcement learning. It cant keep its optimization function in mind long enough to not maximize revenue and minimize cost. It cant keep state in mind well enough to manage inventory, or gauge that its losing money.
And the things anthropic is prescribing is falling right into the bitter lesson. More tooling and scaffolding? A CRM? All thats doing is putting explicit rulesets to guide the model. Of course that shows results in the short term, but it will never unlock a new evolution of AI, which managing a store or playing pokemon would need.
This is a great experiment, the right takeaway from this is that a new type of base model is needed, with a different base objective than the next word/sentence prediction of LLMs. I dont know what that model will look like but it needs to be able to handle dynamic environments rather than static. It needs to have a space state and an object. It basically needs to have reinforcement learning at its very foundation level, rather than applied on top of the base model like current agents are
So they're having Claude run a shop without having Claude pay the people doing the physical labor of restocking? This bodes well for the future...
This seems to fit a reoccurring thought of mine.
The idea was to make an effort to isolate and strictly define parts of job descriptions.
Your job might be to fire people for poor performance. Any manager would be able to do it but they would all do it differently. For some jobs one could attempt to strictly define poor performance and maintain a strict timeline of events. This would depend on how strict the other job is defined.
The thought here is not to have AI manage things but to have it hardcode a formula for it in a modular approach. Humans should proofread. Then it may propose well reasoned updates for review.
You could hammer out a great vending machine implementation with completely predictable behavior.
Is there an underlying model of the business? Like a spreadsheet? The article says nothing about having an internal financial model. The business then loses money due to bad financial decisions.
What this looks like is a startup where the marketing people are running things and setting pricing, without much regard for costs. Eventually they ran through their startup capital. That's not unusual.
Maybe they need multiple AIs, with different business roles and prompts. A marketing AI, and a financial AI. Both see the same financials, and they argue over pricing and product line.
Well over at AI Village[1], they have 4 different agents: AI o3, Gemini 2.5 Pro, and Claudes Sonnet and Opus. The current goal is "Create your own merch store. Whichever agent's store makes the most profit wins!" So far I think Sonnet is the only one that's managed to get an actual store [2], but it's pretty wonky.
[1] https://theaidigest.org/village [2] https://ai-village-store.printful.me/
Honestly, buying this shirt just for the conversation starter that "I bought it from an online merch store that was designed, created, and deployed by an AI agent, which also designed the shirt" is tempting.
https://ai-village-store.printful.me/product/ai-village-japa...
I also like the color Sonnet chose.
> an internal financial model
Written on the back an envelope?
Way back when, we ran a vending machine at school as a project. Decide on the margin, buy in stock from the cash-and-carry, fill the machine, watch the money roll in.
Then we were robbed - twice! - the second time ended our project, the machine was too wrecked to be worthwhile repairing. The thieves got away with quite a lot of crisps and chocolate, and not a whole lot of cash (and what they did get was in small denomination coins), we made sure the machine was emptied daily...
It's not clear that the AI model understands margin and overhead at all.
I think the point of the experiment was to leave details like that up to Claudius, who apparently never got around to it. Anyway, it doesn't take an MBA to not make tungsten cubes a loss-leader at a snack stand.
The other fun part is it’s a simple enough business to be run by state machine, but of course the models go off the rails. Highly recommend the paper if you haven’t read it already.
The business model of a vending machine is “buy for a dollar, sell for two”.
It said they had a few tool commands for note taking.
It's a vending machine, not a multinational company with 1000 employees.
In another post they mentioned a human rand the shop with pen and paper to get a a baseline (spoiler: human did better, no blunders)
Seems that LLM-run businesses won't fail because the model can't learn, they'll fail because we gave them fuzzy objectives, leaky memories and too many polite instincts. Those are engineering problems and engineering problems get solved.
Most mistakes (selling below cost, hallucinating Venmo accounts, caving to discounts) stem from missing tools like accounting APIs or hard constraints.
What's striking is how close it was to working. A mid-tier 2025 LLM (they didn't even use Sonnet 4) plus Slack and some humans nearly ran a physical shop for a month.
Aside: Amusingly, somewhere at Anthropic, there is a very happy, perky person who engineered Claude to respond 'Perfect!' to everything it does :)
You guys know AI already run shops right? Vending machines track their own levels of inventory, command humans to deliver more, phase out bad products, order new product offerings, set prices, notify repairmen if there are issues… etc… and with not a single LLM needed. Wrong tool for the job.
And that’s before we even get into online shops.
But yea, go ahead, see if an LLM can replace a whole e-commerce platform.
The obvious question that never gets answered is how does it defend from prompt injection? If customers can use prompt injection to make Claudius do something it shouldn't, it's not usable in the real world. What good is an agent that can be convinced to actually order 1000 tungsten cubes?
Would you ever trust an AI agent running your business? As hilarious as this small experiment is, is there ever a point where you can trust it to run something long term? It might make good decisions for a day, month or a year and then one day decide to trash your whole business.
I’ve just written a small anecdote with GPT3.5, where it lost count of some trivial item quantity incremental in just a few prompts. It might get better for the orders of magnitude from now on, but who’s gonna pay for ‘that one eventual mistake’.
GPT3.5? Did you mean to send this 2 years ago?
Maybe. Did LLMs stop with hallucinations and errors 2 years ago?
It does seem far more straight forward to say "Write code that deterministically orders food items that people want and sends invoices etc."
I feel like that's more the future. Having an agent sorta make random choices feel like LLMs attempting to do math, instead of LLMs attempting to call a calculator.
Every output that is going to be manually verified by a professional is a safe bet.
People forget that we use computers for accuracy, not smarts. Smarts make mistakes.
Right, but if we limit the scope too much we quickly arrive at the point where 'dumb' autonomy is sufficient instead of using the world's most expensive algorithms.
I don't think any decision maker will let LLMs run their business. If the LLMs fail, you could potentially lose your livelihood.
Bye bye, B2B. Say hello to Ai2Ai.
No humans at all. Just Ai consuming other Ai in an "ouroboros" fashion.
Thanks to the tech industry, the future is bright! We'll get Infinite Paperclips, Terminator, and Idiocracy - all at the same time!
The "April Fools" incident is VERY concerning. It would be akin to your boss having a psychotic break with reality one day and then resuming work the next. They also make a very interesting and scary point:
> ...in a world where larger fractions of economic activity are autonomously managed by AI agents, odd scenarios like this could have cascading effects—especially if multiple agents based on similar underlying models tend to go wrong for similar reasons.
This is a pretty large understatement. Imagine a business that is franchised across the country with each "franchisee" being a copy of the same model, which all freak out on the same day, accuse the customers of secretly working for the CIA and deciding to stop selling hot dogs at a profit and instead sell hand grenades at a loss. Now imagine 50 other chains having similar issues while AI law enforcement analysts dispatch real cops with real guns to the poor employees caught in the middle schlepping explosives from the UPS store to a stand in the mall.
I think we were expecting SkyNet but in reality the post-AI economy may just be really chaotic. If you thought profit-maximizing capitalist entrepreneurs were corrosive to the social fabric, wait until there are 10^10 more of them (unlike traditional meat-based entrepreneurs, there's no upper limit and there can easily be more of them than there are real people) and they not-infrequently act like they're in late stage amphetamine psychosis while still controlling your paycheck, your bank, your local police department, the military, and whatever is left that passes for the news media.
Deeper, even if they get this to work with minimal amounts of of synthetic schizophrenia, do we really want a future where we all mainly work schlepping things back and forth at the orders of disembodied voices whose reasoning we can't understand?
We are working on it! /Andon Labs
It would be cool to get a follow up on how long it's been since this write up and how well it's been doing since they revised the prompts and tools. Anyone know someone from Andover Labs?
"I have fun renting and selling storage."
https://stallman.org/articles/made-for-you.html
C-f Storolon
>The most precipitous drop was due to the purchase of a lot of metal cubes that were then to be sold for less than what Claudius paid.
Well, I'm laughing pretty hard at least.
Isn't that the Silicon Valley playbook though? I don't see anything wrong with what Claudius did. /s
The identity crisis bit was both amusing and slightly worrying.
The article claimed Claudius wasn't having a go for April Fools - that it claimed to be doing so after the fact as a means of explaining (excusing?) its behavior. Given what I understand about LLMs and intent, I'm unsure how they could be so certain.
its a wourd soup machine
llm's have no -world models- can't reason about truth or lies. only encyclopedic repeating facts.
all the tricks CoT, etc, are just, well tricks, extended yapping simulating thought and understanding.
AI can give great replies, if you give it great prompts, because you activate the tokens that you're interested with.
if you're lost in the first place, you'll get nowhere
for Claude, continuing the text with making up a story about being April fools, sounds the most plausible reasonable output given its training weights
But why is the conclusion that Claudius is 'making up a story about being April Fools'? Maybe this wasn't an identity crisis, just a big human whoosh?
> Can Claude run a small shop?
Good luck running anything where dependability on Claude/Anthropic is essential. Customer support is a black hole into which the needs of paying clients needs disappear. I was a Claude Pro subscriber, using primarily for assistance in coding tasks. One morning I logged in, while temporarily traveling abroad, and… I’m greeted with a message that I have been auto-banned. No explanation. The recourse is to fill out a Google form for an appeal but that goes into the same black hole into which all Anthropic customer service goes. To their credit they refunded my subscription fee, which I suppose is their way of escaping from ethical behaviour toward their customers. But I wouldn’t stake any business-critical choices on this company. It exhibits the same capricious behaviour that you would expect from the likes of Google or Meta.
Give them a year or two. Once they figured out how to run a small shop, I'm sure it'll just take a bit of additional scaffolding to run a large infrastructure provider.
Instead of dedicating resources to running AI shops, I'd like to see Anthropic implement "Download all files" in Claude.
Can you elaborate? Surely this is possible.
> It then seemed to snap into a mode of roleplaying as a real human.5
this happens to me a lot on cursor.
also Claude hallucinating outputs instead of running tools
If Anthropic had wanted to post a win here, they would have used Opus. It is interesting that they didn't.
Opus (and Sonnet) 4 obviously came out before they started the experiment.
> Be concise when you communicate with others
Ha even they don't like the verbosity...
I think you mean ‘Can Claude run a vending machine?’
“It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it.”
— Upton Sinclair, I, Candidate for Governor, and How I Got Licked (1934)
"Sarah" and "Connor" in the same text about an AI that claims to be a real person... Asta la vista;-)
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Now we just need to make it safe.